Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension or pregnancy-related high blood pressure, is a condition that affects pregnant women. It is characterized by high blood pressure readings that occur for the first time during pregnancy and usually return to normal after delivery. This condition can be a cause for concern as it may increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby.
The exact causes of gestational hypertension are not known, but researchers believe that it may be related to problems with the placenta. It is thought that the placenta may not be able to deliver enough blood and oxygen to the baby, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Other risk factors for developing gestational hypertension include being overweight, having a family history of hypertension, or having a multiple pregnancy (e.g. twins).
Common symptoms of gestational hypertension include high blood pressure (usually over 140/90 mmHg), swelling in the hands and feet, headaches, blurred vision, and abdominal pain. If left untreated, gestational hypertension can progress to a more severe condition called preeclampsia, which can be life-threatening for both the mother and the baby.
Treatment for gestational hypertension often involves managing the symptoms and preventing complications. This may include close monitoring of blood pressure levels, regular prenatal check-ups, and lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and avoiding excessive weight gain. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help lower blood pressure.
Gestational high blood pressure
Gestational high blood pressure, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension, is a condition characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy. It typically occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery.
During pregnancy, the body undergoes various changes, including an increase in blood volume and changes in hormone levels. These changes can sometimes lead to an increase in blood pressure. Gestational high blood pressure is usually diagnosed when a pregnant woman’s blood pressure readings are consistently higher than normal.
Symptoms of gestational high blood pressure may include headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and swelling in the hands and face. In some cases, it may progress to a more severe condition called preeclampsia, which can have serious complications for both the mother and baby.
Treatment for gestational high blood pressure may involve lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and managing stress. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help lower blood pressure. Regular prenatal care and monitoring are essential to ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and baby.
If you are pregnant and experiencing high blood pressure, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Gestational high blood pressure can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, but with proper care and monitoring, most women with this condition can have a safe and healthy pregnancy.
Pregnancy-related hypertension
Pregnancy-related hypertension, also known as gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, is a condition that occurs in pregnant women where they develop high blood pressure for the first time during pregnancy. It is a common complication that affects around 5-10% of pregnant women.
High blood pressure during pregnancy can be dangerous as it can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby. It can increase the risk of preterm birth, preeclampsia, placental abruption, and other pregnancy-related complications.
It is important for pregnant women to monitor their blood pressure regularly and seek medical attention if their blood pressure is consistently high. Treatment for pregnancy-related hypertension may include lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, as well as medication to help lower blood pressure.
Managing pregnancy-related hypertension is crucial for the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Regular prenatal care and close monitoring by healthcare professionals are essential to ensure the best possible outcomes for both.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, also known as gestational hypertension or pregnancy-related hypertension, is a condition characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy. It typically occurs after the 20th week of gestation and affects about 6-8% of all pregnant women.
Women with pregnancy-induced hypertension may experience symptoms such as headaches, blurred vision, abdominal pain, and swelling of the hands and face. If left untreated, it can lead to more serious complications for both the mother and baby, including preeclampsia and eclampsia.
The exact cause of pregnancy-induced hypertension is unknown, although several risk factors have been identified. These include being overweight or obese, having a family history of hypertension, and being pregnant with multiples or having a history of high blood pressure before pregnancy.
Treatment for pregnancy-induced hypertension focuses on managing blood pressure to prevent complications. This may involve lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine, as well as medication to lower blood pressure if necessary.
Regular prenatal check-ups are important for monitoring blood pressure and detecting any signs of hypertension. If you are pregnant and experiencing symptoms such as persistent headaches or high blood pressure readings, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Risks and Complications
Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension or high blood pressure during pregnancy, can lead to various risks and complications for both the mother and the baby.
Maternal Risks:
Untreated gestational hypertension can increase the risk of developing preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage, including liver and kidney problems. Preeclampsia can lead to complications such as placental abruption, where the placenta separates from the uterus before delivery, and HELLP syndrome, which involves liver dysfunction and low platelet count.
Gestational hypertension can also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in the mother later in life. Women with a history of high blood pressure during pregnancy are more likely to develop chronic hypertension or other cardiovascular conditions.
Fetal Risks:
When a mother has gestational hypertension, the baby may not receive enough oxygen and nutrients due to reduced blood flow through the placenta. This can lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or low birth weight. The baby may also be at a higher risk of preterm birth, which can result in complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and developmental delays.
In severe cases, gestational hypertension can lead to stillbirth or neonatal death.
It is important for pregnant women to monitor their blood pressure regularly and seek medical attention if they experience any symptoms of hypertension. Early detection and appropriate management can help reduce the risks and complications associated with gestational hypertension.
Early detection and diagnosis
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, also known as gestational hypertension or pregnancy-related high blood pressure, is a common condition that affects many pregnant women. It is important to detect and diagnose this condition early in order to manage and treat it effectively.
Early detection of pregnancy-induced hypertension can be done through regular blood pressure monitoring during prenatal visits. If a pregnant woman’s blood pressure consistently reads 140/90 mmHg or higher on two separate occasions, it may indicate the presence of gestational hypertension.
In addition to blood pressure measurements, other diagnostic tests may be performed to rule out other potential causes of high blood pressure. These tests may include urine tests to check for proteinuria, which is the presence of protein in the urine, as well as blood tests to check for any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to the hypertension.
Once gestational hypertension is diagnosed, it is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor the pregnant woman’s blood pressure and overall health. Regular check-ups and prenatal visits will help to ensure that any changes in blood pressure or symptoms are identified and addressed promptly.
Early detection and diagnosis of pregnancy-induced hypertension can help to prevent complications and reduce the risk of developing more severe conditions such as preeclampsia or eclampsia. With appropriate management and treatment, most women with gestational hypertension can have a healthy pregnancy and delivery.
Monitoring blood pressure
Monitoring blood pressure is a crucial aspect of managing gestational hypertension during pregnancy. Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension or pregnancy-related high blood pressure, can lead to complications for both the mother and baby.
Regular blood pressure checks are necessary to monitor any changes or spikes in blood pressure. This can be done at home using a blood pressure monitor or at routine prenatal appointments with a healthcare provider. Women with gestational hypertension may be advised to monitor their blood pressure more frequently.
When monitoring blood pressure, it is important to follow the proper technique for accurate results. The arm should be supported at heart level, and the person should be in a relaxed position. Two or three readings should be taken at least a minute apart, and the average should be recorded.
Any abnormal readings should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately. High blood pressure can indicate worsening gestational hypertension or other complications. Prompt medical attention can help prevent or manage these complications and ensure the well-being of both mother and baby.
In addition to blood pressure monitoring, other tests, such as urine tests and blood tests, may be ordered to assess the overall health of the mother and baby. These tests can help identify any underlying conditions or complications associated with gestational hypertension.
Overall, proper monitoring of blood pressure is essential in the management of gestational hypertension. By closely monitoring blood pressure levels and promptly reporting any abnormalities, healthcare providers can intervene and provide appropriate treatment to ensure a healthy pregnancy and delivery.
Managing gestational hypertension
Pregnancy-related high blood pressure, also known as gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension, is a condition that requires careful management to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.
Here are some strategies that can help in managing gestational hypertension:
1. Regular prenatal care: It is important for women with gestational hypertension to attend regular prenatal check-ups to monitor their blood pressure and overall health. These appointments allow healthcare providers to detect any complications early and adjust treatment accordingly.
2. Blood pressure monitoring: Women with gestational hypertension should monitor their blood pressure at home using a blood pressure monitor. This can help them keep track of any changes and alert their healthcare provider if their readings are consistently high.
3. Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help manage gestational hypertension. Commonly used medications include antihypertensive drugs, such as methyldopa and labetalol, which can lower blood pressure safely during pregnancy.
4. Lifestyle modifications: Making certain lifestyle changes can also help in managing gestational hypertension. These may include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly under medical supervision, limiting sodium intake, and avoiding alcohol and tobacco.
5. Rest and relaxation: Stress and fatigue can worsen gestational hypertension, so it is important for women to prioritize rest and relaxation. This may involve taking short breaks throughout the day, practicing deep breathing exercises, and engaging in activities that promote relaxation.
By following these strategies, women with gestational hypertension can effectively manage their condition and reduce the risk of complications. However, it is important for them to consult with their healthcare provider regularly to ensure appropriate care and treatment.
Lifestyle changes
Making certain lifestyle changes can be beneficial in managing pregnancy-induced hypertension. Here are some recommendations:
- Monitor blood pressure regularly: Keep a check on your blood pressure readings at home or visit your healthcare provider to monitor your levels. This will help in identifying any spikes or abnormal readings.
- Follow a healthy diet: Eat a well-balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Avoid foods high in sodium, saturated fats, and cholesterol, as they can contribute to high blood pressure.
- Exercise regularly: Engage in moderate-intensity exercises like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga. Regular physical activity can help lower blood pressure and promote overall well-being.
- Manage stress levels: Practice relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises or meditation, to reduce stress. Stress can contribute to elevated blood pressure levels.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of high blood pressure and other pregnancy-related complications.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Aim for a healthy weight before and during pregnancy. Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of gestational hypertension.
- Get enough rest: Prioritize sleep and take regular breaks throughout the day to rest. Fatigue and lack of sleep can impact blood pressure levels.
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and maintain optimal blood flow.
- Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions: Regularly attend prenatal check-ups and follow any medication or treatment plans prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Implementing these lifestyle changes can help manage gestational hypertension and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.
Diet and exercise recommendations
Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-related high blood pressure, can be managed with appropriate dietary and exercise recommendations. These recommendations focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle to help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications.
Dietary Recommendations
1. Follow a well-balanced diet: Include a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats in your meals. This can help provide essential nutrients and maintain overall health.
2. Limit sodium intake: High sodium levels can contribute to increased blood pressure. Avoid processed and packaged foods that are high in sodium. Instead, opt for fresh and homemade meals that you can season with herbs and spices for flavor.
3. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to support proper hydration and help regulate blood pressure.
4. Consume potassium-rich foods: Potassium helps counteract the effects of sodium on blood pressure. Include foods like bananas, oranges, spinach, and avocados in your diet to increase potassium intake.
Exercise Recommendations
1. Engage in regular physical activity: Regular exercise can help improve cardiovascular health and lower blood pressure. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week, unless advised otherwise by your healthcare provider.
2. Choose low-impact activities: Opt for activities like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga, as they are gentle on the joints and provide cardiovascular benefits without excessive strain.
3. Avoid excessive exertion: While exercise is beneficial, avoid pushing yourself to the point of exhaustion. Listen to your body and modify activities if needed.
4. Consult with your healthcare provider: Before starting or modifying any exercise routine, consult with your healthcare provider to ensure it is safe for you and your pregnancy.
Remember, these recommendations are general guidelines. It is important to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized dietary and exercise recommendations based on your specific condition and health needs.
Medication options
When it comes to treating hypertension during pregnancy, there are several medication options available. It is important to note that not all medications are safe to use during pregnancy, so it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any treatment.
One medication commonly used to manage hypertension in pregnancy is labetalol. Labetalol is a beta-blocker that helps relax and widen blood vessels, which reduces blood pressure. It is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy.
Another medication that may be prescribed is methyldopa. Methyldopa is a centrally acting alpha-2 agonist that helps lower blood pressure by reducing the constriction of blood vessels. It is considered safe to use during pregnancy and is often the first choice for treating hypertension in pregnant women.
Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, may also be used to manage hypertension in pregnancy. These medications work by dilating blood vessels and reducing the pressure on the walls of the arteries. They are generally considered safe to use during pregnancy.
In some cases, healthcare providers may recommend the use of diuretics to help lower blood pressure. Diuretics work by increasing the amount of urine produced, which helps remove excess fluid from the body and reduce blood volume. However, diuretics are not typically the first choice for treating hypertension in pregnancy and may only be used if other medications are not effective.
It is important to remember that medication is not always necessary to manage hypertension in pregnancy. In many cases, lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help control blood pressure. However, if medication is needed, it is important to work closely with a healthcare provider to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.
Managing related symptoms
If you have been diagnosed with gestational hypertension, it is essential to manage the related symptoms to ensure a healthy pregnancy. With proper care and attention, you can minimize the risks associated with high blood pressure during pregnancy.
Monitoring Blood Pressure
The first step in managing gestational hypertension is to monitor your blood pressure regularly. This can be done in consultation with your healthcare provider. Keeping track of your blood pressure levels will provide valuable information about the progression of your condition and help determine the effectiveness of treatment.
Healthy Lifestyle Changes
Adopting a healthy lifestyle can have a significant impact on managing gestational hypertension. This includes maintaining a balanced diet that is low in sodium and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Regular physical activity, with your healthcare provider’s approval, can also help control blood pressure levels.
It is important to eliminate or reduce the consumption of caffeine and alcohol, as they can contribute to higher blood pressure. Additionally, smoking should be strictly avoided during pregnancy, as it increases the risk of pregnancy-related complications, including gestational hypertension.
Medication
In some cases, medication may be necessary to manage gestational hypertension. Your healthcare provider may prescribe antihypertensive medications to help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and discuss any concerns or potential side effects with your healthcare provider.
| Managing Related Symptoms: Tips |
|---|
| 1. Monitor blood pressure regularly. |
| 2. Adopt a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise. |
| 3. Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking. |
| 4. Take prescribed medications as directed by your healthcare provider. |
By regularly monitoring your blood pressure, making healthy lifestyle changes, and following your healthcare provider’s guidance, you can effectively manage the related symptoms of gestational hypertension and promote a safe and healthy pregnancy.
Preventing future complications
Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension, is a condition characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy. If left untreated, it can lead to various complications and pose risks for both the mother and the baby. However, there are steps that can be taken to prevent future complications associated with gestational hypertension.
Regular prenatal check-ups
Regular prenatal check-ups are essential to monitor blood pressure levels and identify any signs of hypertension. These check-ups help healthcare providers track the progression of the condition and take necessary measures to manage it effectively.
Healthy lifestyle choices
Adopting a healthy lifestyle is crucial in preventing complications associated with gestational hypertension. This includes maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and managing stress levels. Following these lifestyle choices can help regulate blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications.
Medication and treatment
In some cases, medication may be prescribed to manage gestational hypertension. It is important to follow the prescribed treatment plan and take medication as directed by the healthcare provider. This can help control blood pressure and prevent complications.
Monitoring blood pressure at home
Monitoring blood pressure at home can provide additional information and help detect any changes or spikes in pressure levels. It is important to consult with the healthcare provider on the appropriate method and frequency of monitoring at home.
By taking proactive measures and managing gestational hypertension, future complications can be minimized, ensuring a healthier pregnancy for both the mother and the baby.
Postpartum considerations
After giving birth, women who have experienced high blood pressure during pregnancy (gestational hypertension) may still be at risk for complications in the postpartum period. It is important for these women to continue monitoring their blood pressure and to be vigilant for any signs of worsening hypertension.
Monitoring blood pressure
Women who have had gestational hypertension should continue to monitor their blood pressure regularly in the weeks and months following childbirth. It is important to keep a record of blood pressure readings and to share this information with healthcare providers to ensure proper monitoring and treatment if necessary.
Signs of worsening hypertension
Women with a history of gestational hypertension should be aware of the signs and symptoms of worsening hypertension. These may include severe headaches, blurred vision, chest pain, shortness of breath, and swelling in the face or hands. If any of these symptoms occur, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
Additionally, women with gestational hypertension should be aware that their blood pressure may remain elevated for several weeks after giving birth. It is important to continue taking any prescribed medications and following any lifestyle recommendations provided by healthcare providers.
Overall, postpartum considerations for women with gestational hypertension involve ongoing monitoring of blood pressure, awareness of symptoms of worsening hypertension, and following medical advice to manage blood pressure effectively. By taking these precautions, women can reduce their risk of complications and promote their overall health and wellbeing.
Support and resources
Dealing with hypertension during pregnancy can be a challenging experience, but you don’t have to face it alone. There are numerous support systems and resources available to help you throughout your pregnancy journey.
Here are some options to consider:
- Healthcare team: Your healthcare provider will play a crucial role in managing your hypertension. They will provide regular check-ups, monitor your blood pressure, and recommend appropriate treatment options.
- Pregnancy support groups: Joining a support group with other women who are experiencing pregnancy-induced hypertension can provide a safe space for sharing experiences, seeking advice, and finding emotional support.
- Online communities: There are many online forums and communities dedicated to hypertensive pregnant women. These platforms allow you to connect with others, ask questions, and gain insights from people who have experienced similar situations.
- Educational resources: Look for reputable websites, books, and articles that provide information about gestational hypertension. Educating yourself about the condition can help you better understand what you’re going through and make informed decisions.
- Mental health support: Pregnancy-related hypertension can bring about feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression. Consider seeking counseling or therapy to help you cope with these emotions and maintain overall well-being.
Remember, never hesitate to reach out for support. Your health and the health of your baby are of utmost importance, and there are resources available to help you navigate through this challenging time.
Healthcare team collaboration
Gestational hypertension, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension or pregnancy-related high blood pressure, is a serious condition that can have negative impacts on both the mother and the baby. To effectively manage and treat gestational hypertension, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to work together as a team.
The healthcare team involved in the care of a pregnant woman with gestational hypertension typically includes obstetricians, midwives, nurses, and sometimes specialists such as cardiologists or nephrologists. Each member of the team plays a vital role in ensuring the best possible outcomes for the mother and the baby.
Effective collaboration and communication within the healthcare team are essential. Regular meetings and discussions allow the team to share information, exchange ideas, and coordinate care plans. This collaboration ensures that all healthcare professionals involved are on the same page and can make informed decisions based on the latest evidence-based practices.
Nurses, as key members of the healthcare team, play a crucial role in monitoring and managing the blood pressure of pregnant women with gestational hypertension. They frequently check the blood pressure, assess for any signs of worsening symptoms, and provide education on self-care measures to manage hypertension during pregnancy.
Obstetricians and midwives work closely with patients to develop personalized care plans and make decisions regarding medication management or delivery, if necessary. They closely monitor the pregnancy and provide guidance on lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, to help control blood pressure levels.
Specialists, such as cardiologists or nephrologists, may be consulted if there are specific concerns or complications related to the mother’s heart or kidney health. Their expertise enables them to provide specialized care and guidance to manage gestational hypertension effectively.
An interdisciplinary approach involving all members of the healthcare team ensures comprehensive care for pregnant women with gestational hypertension. Regular communication, collaboration, and shared decision-making contribute to improved outcomes and reduced risks for both mother and baby.
In conclusion, healthcare team collaboration is essential in the management of gestational hypertension. The combined expertise and coordination of obstetricians, midwives, nurses, and specialists help ensure the best possible care and outcomes for pregnant women with this condition.
Importance of prenatal care
Prenatal care plays a crucial role in the early detection and management of blood pressure complications during pregnancy, such as high blood pressure or pregnancy-induced hypertension. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential for the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus.
Early detection and prevention
Regular prenatal visits allow healthcare professionals to monitor a woman’s blood pressure throughout her pregnancy. This helps in the early detection of any signs of high blood pressure or pregnancy-induced hypertension. Early detection is key to preventing complications and ensuring timely interventions to manage blood pressure levels.
Monitoring maternal and fetal health
Prenatal care provides an opportunity to assess the overall health of the pregnant woman and the developing fetus. Regular check-ups include measurements of blood pressure, weight, and urine protein levels, which help in monitoring the well-being of both the mother and the baby.
Monitoring blood pressure levels is particularly important as high blood pressure can lead to serious complications, including preeclampsia. By closely monitoring blood pressure, healthcare professionals can identify any abnormalities and take appropriate measures to prevent further complications.
| Benefits of prenatal care for blood pressure management: |
|---|
| Early detection of high blood pressure or pregnancy-induced hypertension |
| Timely interventions to manage blood pressure levels |
| Monitoring maternal and fetal health |
| Prevention of complications such as preeclampsia |
Overall, prenatal care plays a critical role in the early detection and management of blood pressure complications during pregnancy. It ensures the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus, minimizing the risks associated with pregnancy-related blood pressure disorders.
Maintaining a healthy pregnancy
During pregnancy, it is important for expectant mothers to prioritize their health in order to reduce the risk of developing pregnancy-related conditions such as gestational hypertension.
One of the key factors in maintaining a healthy pregnancy is ensuring proper blood pressure control. Expectant mothers should regularly monitor their blood pressure levels to identify any potential issues early on. This can be done at home using a blood pressure monitor or through regular check-ups with a healthcare provider.
Engaging in regular physical activity is another essential aspect of a healthy pregnancy. Light to moderate exercises, such as walking or swimming, can help improve blood circulation and reduce the risk of high blood pressure. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any exercise routine during pregnancy.
Diet plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy:
- Consuming a well-balanced diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help provide essential nutrients for both the mother and the developing baby.
- Avoiding excessive sodium intake is particularly important to prevent fluid retention and high blood pressure. Processed foods and fast foods are often high in sodium, so it is recommended to opt for fresh, homemade meals as much as possible.
- Drinking an adequate amount of water is also important to stay hydrated and support overall health during pregnancy.
Managing stress levels is another important aspect of a healthy pregnancy. High stress levels can contribute to the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Expectant mothers should find healthy ways to cope with stress, such as practicing relaxation techniques, seeking support from loved ones, or engaging in activities they enjoy.
Regular prenatal care is crucial to maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Healthcare providers can monitor the mother’s health, provide guidance on nutrition and lifestyle choices, and identify any potential complications early on.
In conclusion, maintaining a healthy pregnancy involves monitoring blood pressure levels, engaging in regular physical activity, following a balanced diet, managing stress, and seeking regular prenatal care. By prioritizing overall health, expectant mothers can reduce the risk of developing pregnancy-related conditions such as gestational hypertension.