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Is It Safe to Take 200 mg of Vitamin B6 While Pregnant? Exploring the Benefits and Risks

During pregnancy, it is important to be mindful of the vitamins and supplements you are taking for the health and well-being of both you and your unborn child. One such vitamin that is commonly recommended for pregnant women is vitamin B6. However, there is some debate surrounding the safe intake of B6 during pregnancy, particularly in the dosage of 200 milligrams (mg).

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is essential for the development of the baby’s brain and nervous system. It also helps to regulate your mood and reduce nausea, commonly known as morning sickness, which is often experienced during pregnancy. Many women therefore turn to B6 supplementation as a natural way to alleviate these discomforts.

While a normal intake of B6 during pregnancy is generally considered safe, there is limited evidence to support the safety of taking 200 mg of B6 daily. This high dosage may potentially lead to adverse effects on both the mother and the baby. It is therefore recommended to consult with your healthcare provider before starting any B6 supplementation, especially at a dosage exceeding the recommended daily intake for pregnant women, which is around 1.9 mg.

Importance of Vitamin B6 during Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a time of significant nutritional needs for both the expecting mother and her growing baby. Adequate vitamin and mineral intake is crucial to support the development of the fetus and maintain the mother’s health. One essential nutrient during pregnancy is vitamin B6.

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, plays a vital role in various bodily functions. It is involved in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, ensuring that the body is efficiently using nutrients for energy production. Additionally, vitamin B6 is crucial for the development of the baby’s brain and nervous system.

Pregnant women are advised to consume a well-balanced diet that includes foods rich in vitamin B6. However, in some cases, dietary intake alone may not provide sufficient amounts of this vitamin. In such situations, supplementation may be recommended.

The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) for women ages 19–50. This dosage is considered safe and supports the increased demands of pregnancy. However, taking higher doses, such as 200 mg, may not be safe without medical supervision.

While vitamin B6 supplementation can provide benefits, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new regimen, especially when pregnant. They can evaluate individual needs and provide guidance on safe dosage and potential risks.

In conclusion, vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient during pregnancy, supporting the healthy development of the baby and maintaining the mother’s well-being. While adequate intake can be achieved through a balanced diet, supplementation may be necessary in some cases. However, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional before exceeding the recommended dosage of 1.9 mg to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.

Risks of Vitamin B6 Deficiency

Vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in the development of the baby during pregnancy. It helps in the formation of the baby’s brain and nervous system, as well as in the production of red blood cells and antibodies. Adequate intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is important to ensure the healthy growth and development of the baby.

However, some pregnant women may not get enough vitamin B6 through their diet alone. This could be due to various factors such as poor dietary choices or certain conditions that affect the absorption or metabolism of vitamin B6. In such cases, vitamin B6 supplementation may be recommended by healthcare professionals.

When expecting, the recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 is 1.9 milligrams (mg) for pregnant women aged 19-50 years. This ensures that the mother and the baby receive adequate amounts of this essential nutrient during pregnancy. However, it is important to note that taking excessive amounts of vitamin B6, such as 200 mg, while pregnant can have potential risks.

Excessive intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy can lead to a condition called sensory neuropathy, which can cause numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and feet. Other symptoms may include difficulty walking, muscle weakness, and problems with coordination.

It is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before considering any vitamin B6 supplementation, especially during pregnancy. They will be able to determine the appropriate dosage and monitor its effects to ensure the safety and well-being of both the mother and the baby.

In conclusion, while vitamin B6 is an important nutrient during pregnancy, it is crucial to maintain the recommended intake and avoid excessive supplementation. Consulting with a healthcare professional is key to ensuring a healthy pregnancy and minimizing any potential risks associated with vitamin B6 deficiency or excessive intake.

Recommended Vitamin B6 Intake during Pregnancy

When you are pregnant, it is important to ensure that you are getting the right amount of vitamins and minerals to support the health of both you and your baby. Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is one of the essential nutrients that plays a crucial role during pregnancy.

The recommended vitamin B6 intake during pregnancy varies depending on various factors, including your age, weight, and overall health. However, the general consensus among healthcare professionals is that pregnant women should aim for an intake of around 1.9 milligrams of vitamin B6 per day.

During pregnancy, Vitamin B6 supplementation can be beneficial for a variety of reasons. It helps in the formation of red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen to both you and your baby. It also aids in the development of the baby’s brain and nervous system.

B6 Intake while Expecting

While it is generally safe to take vitamin B6 during pregnancy, it is important to follow the recommended dosage. Taking excessive amounts, such as 200 milligrams of B6, may lead to potential risks. High doses of vitamin B6 can cause nerve damage, numbness, tingling sensations, and even worsen symptoms of morning sickness.

It is always advisable to consult your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements, including vitamin B6, during pregnancy. They can determine the appropriate dosage for you based on your individual needs and medical history.

A healthy and balanced diet is the best way to obtain the necessary nutrients during pregnancy, including vitamin B6. Foods rich in vitamin B6 include lean meats, poultry, fish, bananas, avocados, potatoes, and fortified cereals. Incorporating these foods into your diet can help you meet your vitamin B6 requirements without the need for supplementation.

In conclusion, vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient during pregnancy, but it is important to follow the recommended intake and consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplementation. Maintaining a healthy diet should be your primary focus, and if necessary, supplements can be used to fill any nutritional gaps.

Research Studies on 200 mg B6 Supplementation

When it comes to the intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy, many expecting mothers wonder if it is safe to consume 200 milligrams of B6 per day. To answer this question, several research studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of such supplementation during pregnancy.

A study published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada examined the impact of high-dose B6 supplementation on pregnancy outcomes. The study found that pregnant women who took 200 mg of B6 daily did not experience any adverse effects on the health of their babies or themselves. However, it is important to note that the sample size of this study was relatively small.

Another study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition investigated the relationship between vitamin B6 intake and the risk of preterm birth. The study concluded that there was no significant association between B6 supplementation and the risk of preterm birth, even at a dosage of 200 mg per day.

While these studies suggest that taking 200 mg of B6 during pregnancy is generally safe, it is always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation. Each pregnancy is unique, and individual circumstances may influence the appropriate dosage and timing of B6 intake.

It is worth noting that excessive intake of vitamin B6 can lead to adverse effects, such as numbness and tingling in the extremities. Therefore, it is important to follow the recommended dosage guidelines provided by healthcare professionals or prenatal care providers.

In conclusion, research studies on 200 mg B6 supplementation during pregnancy demonstrate that it is generally safe for expecting mothers. However, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure the appropriate dosage and timing based on individual circumstances.

Possible Benefits of 200 mg B6 Intake

While pregnant, the intake of vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, can have several possible benefits for women. The recommended intake of B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) per day. However, there may be instances where a higher dosage of 200 mg could provide additional advantages.

Reduced Morning Sickness

Morning sickness is a common symptom experienced by expecting mothers during pregnancy. The severity of morning sickness can vary greatly among women. Some studies suggest that supplementation with higher doses of B6 may help alleviate morning sickness symptoms in certain individuals. However, it is always essential to consult with a healthcare professional before considering any supplementation while pregnant.

Improved Mood and Sleep

Pregnancy can bring about emotional changes and sleep disturbances for some women. Vitamin B6 is involved in the production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in mood regulation and sleep patterns. By taking a higher dosage of B6 under medical supervision, it is possible that pregnant women might experience improved mood and sleep quality.

Possible Benefits of 200 mg B6 Intake Recommended Daily Intake during Pregnancy*
Reduced Morning Sickness 1.9 mg (milligrams)
Improved Mood and Sleep 1.9 mg (milligrams)

*Note: The recommended daily intake of B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg). The potential benefits mentioned above regarding a 200 mg intake of B6 should only be considered in consultation with a healthcare professional.

Potential Side Effects of 200 mg B6 Supplementation

While vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is commonly taken as a supplement during pregnancy, it is important to be aware of the potential side effects of taking a high dosage, such as 200 mg, during this time.

Increased Risk of Nerve Damage

Taking high doses of vitamin B6, such as 200 mg, on a daily basis during pregnancy may increase the risk of nerve damage. This can lead to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and feet. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any high-dose supplementation.

Gastrointestinal Disturbances

Taking 200 mg of B6 during pregnancy can also cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Some women may experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea as a result of the high vitamin B6 intake. These side effects can be uncomfortable and may need to be managed with the help of a healthcare provider.

Potential Side Effects of 200 mg B6 Supplementation During Pregnancy
Increased risk of nerve damage
Gastrointestinal disturbances

It is important to note that these potential side effects are associated with high doses of B6, such as 200 mg, and not with the recommended daily intake of B6 for pregnant women, which is around 1.9 mg. It is always best to consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to your vitamin intake during pregnancy.

Expert Recommendations on 200 mg B6 Intake

Expecting mothers often wonder about the safety of supplementation with vitamin B6 during pregnancy. While it is essential to ensure adequate intake of this essential nutrient, it is equally important to be aware of recommended dosages to avoid any potential risks.

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including brain development, immune system function, and red blood cell production. It is commonly found in foods like poultry, fish, whole grains, and vegetables. However, some pregnant women may still need to take additional B6 supplements to meet their nutritional needs.

The Recommended Dosage

According to experts, the daily recommended dosage of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) for adult women aged 19 to 50. This dosage ensures that pregnant women receive sufficient amounts of this vital nutrient without exceeding safe levels.

200 mg B6 Intake: Is it Safe?

There is limited scientific evidence on the safety of consuming 200 mg of B6 daily during pregnancy. While high doses of B6 have been used in some medical conditions unrelated to pregnancy, the safety of such high levels specifically during pregnancy remains uncertain. It is always best to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially during pregnancy.

Potential risks associated with excessive B6 intake include nerve damage, numbness, and tingling in the limbs. Additionally, high doses of B6 may have adverse effects on the developing fetus. Therefore, it is recommended to stick to the recommended dosage of 1.9 mg per day unless advised otherwise by a healthcare professional.

It is important to note that every pregnancy is unique, and individual nutritional needs may vary. A healthcare provider, such as an obstetrician or a registered dietitian, can assess an expectant mother’s specific requirements and provide personalized recommendations on B6 supplementation.

In conclusion, while vitamin B6 is important for a healthy pregnancy, it is crucial to follow the recommended dosage of 1.9 mg per day. Higher doses, such as 200 mg, should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional to ensure the safety of both the mother and the developing baby.

Factors to Consider before Taking 200 mg B6 while Expecting

Supplementation of vitamin B6 is commonly recommended during pregnancy to support the overall health and well-being of the expectant mother. However, taking 200 milligrams (mg) of B6 while pregnant is a higher dosage than what is typically recommended. Before considering this dosage, it is important to consider several factors.

First and foremost, consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial. Every pregnancy is unique, and a healthcare provider can assess your individual needs and risks. They can provide guidance on the appropriate dosage of vitamin B6 for your specific situation.

Dosage is important because taking higher amounts of B6 can potentially lead to adverse effects. While B6 is generally safe in recommended amounts, excessive intake can cause nerve damage, numbness, and tingling in the extremities. It can also result in sensory impairments or skin lesions. Therefore, it is essential to follow the dosage guidelines provided by your healthcare professional.

Additionally, it is crucial to consider your overall vitamin B6 intake from all sources. It is possible to consume B6 through food sources along with any supplementation. Maintaining an appropriate balance is important as excessive intake can negatively affect the pregnancy. Pregnancy-specific multivitamins and prenatal supplements often contain vitamin B6, so it is necessary to account for this when determining the appropriate dosage.

Finally, monitoring any potential side effects is essential while taking 200 mg B6 during pregnancy. If you experience any adverse symptoms, such as nausea, stomach pain, or skin reactions, consult with your healthcare provider immediately. They can evaluate the situation and make any necessary adjustments to your supplement regimen.

In conclusion, while supplementation of vitamin B6 is beneficial during pregnancy, it is essential to consider several factors before taking 200 mg of B6 while expecting. Consulting with a healthcare professional, maintaining an appropriate dosage, balancing intake from various sources, and monitoring for side effects are all crucial aspects to ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy.

Consulting with a Healthcare Provider

It is highly recommended that pregnant women consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplementation during pregnancy, including vitamin B6 intake. While vitamin B6 is generally considered safe for pregnancy, it is important to discuss the specific dosage and frequency of intake with a healthcare professional.

The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) for women aged 19 to 50 years. Taking 200 mg of vitamin B6 exceeds this recommended intake by a significant amount. High doses of vitamin B6 can have potential side effects and may not be safe for all pregnant women.

A healthcare provider can assess the individual needs of the pregnant woman and provide personalized advice on vitamin B6 supplementation. They can take into account factors such as the woman’s overall health, medical history, and any pre-existing conditions. They can also discuss potential risks and benefits associated with taking higher doses of vitamin B6 during pregnancy.

Additionally, a healthcare provider can ensure that taking 200 mg of vitamin B6 does not interact with any other medications or supplements the pregnant woman may be taking. They can advise on the appropriate dosage and duration of supplementation, if necessary, and monitor the woman’s health and well-being throughout the pregnancy.

It is always better to be cautious and consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to medication or supplementation during pregnancy. They are the best resource for accurate and personalized advice based on individual circumstances.

Safe Ways to Increase Vitamin B6 Intake during Pregnancy

During pregnancy, it is important to ensure that you are getting an adequate intake of essential nutrients for both you and your growing baby. Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, plays a crucial role in fetal development and overall maternal health.

Why is Vitamin B6 important during pregnancy?

Vitamin B6 is necessary for the proper development of the baby’s brain and nervous system. It also helps in the production of red blood cells and neurotransmitters. Additionally, it supports the immune system and helps alleviate symptoms of morning sickness, such as nausea and vomiting.

Safe ways to increase Vitamin B6 intake during pregnancy

1. Food sources: Including foods rich in Vitamin B6 in your diet is a safe and natural way to increase your intake. Good sources include poultry, fish, whole grains, nuts, bananas, avocados, and spinach.

2. Prenatal supplements: If you have difficulty meeting your daily requirement through diet alone, your healthcare provider may recommend a prenatal vitamin supplement that includes Vitamin B6. Make sure to consult with your doctor before starting any supplementation.

3. Cooking methods: The cooking method you choose can affect the amount of Vitamin B6 in your food. To retain maximum nutrient content, opt for steaming or lightly sautéing instead of boiling or frying.

4. Introduce new recipes: Experiment with new recipes that incorporate ingredients rich in Vitamin B6. This can help you diversify your diet and ensure a steady intake of this essential nutrient.

5. Balanced diet: Maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and dairy products. This will not only help you meet your Vitamin B6 requirements but also ensure overall optimal nutrition during pregnancy.

Remember, it’s important to discuss your dietary needs and intake of supplements with your healthcare provider to ensure you are getting the right amount of Vitamin B6 during pregnancy. They can guide you based on your specific circumstances and help you make informed decisions for a healthy pregnancy.

Other Dietary Sources of Vitamin B6

In addition to intake through supplementation, there are several dietary sources of vitamin B6 that can be incorporated into a pregnant woman’s diet. Vitamin B6 is found naturally in many foods, making it easily accessible for expecting mothers.

1. Meat and Poultry

Meat and poultry are excellent sources of vitamin B6. Chicken breast, turkey, and lean beef contain high levels of this essential nutrient. Including these protein-rich foods in your diet can help meet your daily vitamin B6 requirements during pregnancy.

2. Fish and Seafood

Fish and seafood are not only a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, but they also provide vitamin B6. Salmon, tuna, and shrimp are some examples of fish and seafood that have significant amounts of vitamin B6. However, pregnant women should be cautious about their seafood consumption due to potential mercury content.

Note: It is important to ensure that the fish and seafood consumed during pregnancy are sourced from reputable and trusted suppliers to minimize the risk of mercury contamination.

3. Legumes and Beans

Legumes and beans, such as chickpeas, lentils, and black beans, are nutrient-dense options for pregnant women. These plant-based sources are not only rich in vitamin B6 but also provide essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

It is recommended to include a variety of legumes and beans in your diet to ensure an adequate intake of vitamin B6 and other nutrients during pregnancy.

Remember: A balanced and diverse diet, including these vitamin B6-rich foods, can help meet your daily requirements without solely relying on supplementation.

Talk to your healthcare provider to determine the appropriate vitamin B6 intake during pregnancy and to discuss any specific dietary considerations based on your individual needs.

Alternative Vitamin B6 Supplements

While the recommended intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) per day, some expecting mothers may require additional supplementation to meet their nutritional needs. If you are pregnant and considering taking a higher dose of vitamin B6, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your prenatal care.

There are alternative vitamin B6 supplements available that contain higher doses, such as 200 mg. However, the safety and effectiveness of taking such high doses of vitamin B6 during pregnancy have not been well-studied. It is always best to follow the recommended daily intake guidelines unless advised otherwise by your healthcare provider.

Some women may experience nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, a condition known as morning sickness. In these cases, vitamin B6 supplementation may be recommended to alleviate symptoms. If your healthcare provider suggests a higher dose of vitamin B6, they will carefully consider the potential risks and benefits based on your individual situation.

When choosing a vitamin B6 supplement, look for products that are specifically formulated for pregnant women. These supplements often contain other essential vitamins and minerals that are beneficial for a healthy pregnancy. It is important to read the label and follow the recommended dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer.

Always remember that every pregnancy is unique, and what works for one woman may not work for another. It is crucial to consult with your healthcare provider before starting or modifying any supplement regimen during pregnancy to ensure the safety and well-being of both you and your baby.

Understanding Vitamin B6 Dosage Recommendations

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is an essential nutrient that plays a vital role in the overall health and well-being of an expecting mother. During pregnancy, it is important to understand the appropriate intake of this vitamin to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

Recommended Daily Intake

The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) for most women. However, it is important to note that individual needs may vary depending on various factors such as age, overall health, and medical conditions. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage for personal needs.

B6 Supplementation During Pregnancy

In some cases, a healthcare provider may recommend B6 supplementation during pregnancy to address specific concerns or conditions. This may include morning sickness, which is a common symptom experienced by many pregnant women. In such cases, a higher dosage of vitamin B6, such as 200 mg, might be prescribed. However, it is crucial to follow the healthcare provider’s guidance and not exceed the recommended dosage without medical supervision.

Understanding 200 mg of B6 During Pregnancy

Taking 200 mg of vitamin B6 during pregnancy should only be done under the supervision and recommendation of a healthcare provider. This dosage is significantly higher than the recommended daily intake and is typically used to address specific symptoms or conditions. It is important to note that excessive intake of vitamin B6 can have adverse effects and may not be safe for all pregnant women.

Dosage Purpose
1.9 mg (recommended daily intake) Maintain overall health and well-being during pregnancy
200 mg (under medical supervision) Address specific symptoms or conditions, such as morning sickness

In conclusion, it is important to understand the appropriate vitamin B6 dosage recommendations during pregnancy. While the recommended daily intake is 1.9 mg, higher dosages may be prescribed under medical supervision. It is always best to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the optimal vitamin B6 dosage for a healthy and safe pregnancy.

Monitoring Vitamin B6 Levels during Pregnancy

During pregnancy, it is important for expecting mothers to monitor their vitamin B6 intake and supplementation. Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, plays a crucial role in the development of the baby’s brain and nervous system.

The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy is 1.9 milligrams (mg) per day. While some studies suggest that higher doses of vitamin B6, such as 200 mg, may be safe during pregnancy, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking such high doses.

Why monitor vitamin B6 levels?

Monitoring vitamin B6 levels during pregnancy is essential to ensure that the mother is not exceeding the recommended dosage. High doses of vitamin B6 may have potential adverse effects on the baby, including sensory neuropathy. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain the optimal levels of vitamin B6 throughout pregnancy.

Consulting with a healthcare professional

Pregnant women should always consult with their healthcare professional regarding their vitamin B6 supplementation. The healthcare professional can evaluate the individual’s specific needs and determine if any additional supplementation above the recommended dosage is necessary.

Regular check-ups and blood tests can help monitor the vitamin B6 levels in the body, ensuring that the mother and baby are both receiving necessary nutrients without any risks. Remember to always follow the advice of healthcare professionals for a safe and healthy pregnancy.

Discussing 200 mg B6 Intake with a Healthcare Provider

If you are expecting and considering the intake of 200 milligrams of vitamin B6 during pregnancy, it is important to discuss this supplementation with your healthcare provider. While vitamin B6 is generally considered safe during pregnancy at recommended doses, a dosage of 200 mg may not be suitable for everyone.

Your healthcare provider will be able to assess your specific needs and medical history to determine if taking 200 mg of B6 is safe for you during pregnancy. They can consider factors such as your current health, the potential risks and benefits of the dosage, and any other medications or supplements you may be taking.

It is important to note that excessive intake of vitamin B6 during pregnancy may lead to adverse effects. High levels of B6 can sometimes cause nerve damage or lead to numbness and tingling in the extremities. This is why it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation, especially during pregnancy.

Remember, every pregnancy is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. Your healthcare provider is there to provide personalized guidance and to ensure the safety and well-being of both you and your baby.

Benefits of Discussing B6 Intake with Your Healthcare Provider:
1. Personalized assessment of dosage suitability
2. Evaluation of potential risks and benefits
3. Consideration of medical history and current health
4. Guidance on safe supplementation during pregnancy
5. Identification of any potential interactions with other medications or supplements

References

1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019). Good Health Before Pregnancy: Prepregnancy Care. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/good-health-before-pregnancy-prepregnancy-care

2. National Institutes of Health. (2021). Vitamin B6 – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-HealthProfessional/

3. O’Connor, D. L., Blake, J., Bell, R., Bowen, A., Callum, J., Fenton, S., Gray-Donald, K., Rossiter, M., & St-Pierre, N. (2016). Canadian consensus on female nutrition: adolescence, reproduction, menopause, and beyond. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 38(6), 508-554. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2016.04.002

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Recommendations for folic acid intake during pregnancy. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/folicacid/recommendations.html

5. National Institutes of Health. (2021). Vitamin B6 – Fact Sheet for Consumers. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-Consumer/

6. European Food Safety Authority. (2016). Dietary reference values for nutrients: Summary report. EFSA supporting publication. 13(7), 441E. doi: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2015.EN-804

7. Powers, H. J. (2003). Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) and health. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77(6), 1352-1360. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1352

8. Mayo Clinic. (2021). Vitamin B-6. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-b6/art-20363468

9. Shaw, G. M., Todoroff, K., Finnell, R. H., Lammer, E. J., & Spence, M. A. (1995). Maternal vitamin use, genetic variation of infant methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and risk for spina bifida. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151(12), 128-134. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009186

Additional Resources:

March of Dimes

Effect of B-vitamin Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes